Transgender hormone therapy is quizlet

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Federal government websites often end in. The site is secure. Preview improvements coming to the PMC website in October Learn More or Try it out now. Recently, gender-affirming hormone therapy for gender incongruence has become an issue in various countries and organizations with various guidelines. In South Korea, several clinical treatments are also used with many possible options. These treatments include masculinizing female-to-male [FTM] or feminizing male-to-female [MTF] hormone therapies, with regimens usually driven by standards of hormonal replacement therapy for hypogonadism i.

Transgender hormone therapy is quizlet

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One prospective study has shown that progestogen is not related to breast development [ 44 ]. Arch Sex Behav. Progesterone is important for transgender women's therapy-applying evidence for the benefits of progesterone in ciswomen.

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Gender-affirming hormone therapy helps transgender and other gender-nonconforming people align their bodies with their gender identity. Not all transgender trans people are interested in hormone therapy. However, many transgender people, particularly binary transgender people, turn to hormones to affirm their gender. Gender-affirming hormone therapy is comprised of masculizing hormone therapy used in trans men and feminizing hormone therapy used in trans women. This article describes the goals of gender-affirming hormone therapy, how the treatment is administered, and the different types of hormones used. It also explains what to expect when undergoing gender-affirming hormone therapy and the possible risks. The term "gender affirmation" is preferred over "gender confirmation" because a transgender person does not need to confirm their gender to anyone. The word "confirm" suggests proof, while "affirm" means to assert strongly. Gender-affirming hormone therapy is the primary medical treatment sought by transgender people. It allows their secondary sex characteristics to be more aligned with their individual gender identity.

Transgender hormone therapy is quizlet

Transgender hormone therapy , also called hormone replacement therapy HRT or gender-affirming hormone therapy GAHT , is a form of hormone therapy in which sex hormones and other hormonal medications are administered to transgender or gender nonconforming individuals for the purpose of more closely aligning their secondary sexual characteristics with their gender identity. This form of hormone therapy is given as one of two types, based on whether the goal of treatment is masculinization or feminization :. Eligibility for transgender hormone therapy may be concluded by assessing a patient for gender dysphoria or persistent gender incongruence, though many medical institutions now used an informed consent model. This model ensures patients are informed of the procedure process, including possible benefits and risks, while removing many of the historical barriers needed to start hormone therapy. Treatment guidelines for therapy have been developed by several medical associations. Some intersex people may also undergo hormone therapy, either starting in childhood to confirm the sex they were assigned at birth , or later in order to align their sex with their gender identity. Non-binary people may also engage in hormone therapy in order to achieve a desired balance of sex hormones or to help align their bodies with their gender identities. The formal requirements to begin gender-affirming hormone therapy vary widely depending on geographic location and specific institution. Gender affirming hormones can be prescribed by a wide range of medical providers including, but not limited to, primary care physicians, endocrinologists, and obstetrician-gynecologists. Many centers now use an informed consent model that does not require any routine formal psychiatric evaluation but instead focuses on reducing barriers to care by ensuring a person can understand the risks, benefits, alternatives, unknowns, limitations, and risks of no treatment.

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Histology of genital tract and breast tissue after long-term testosterone administration in a female-to-male transsexual population. Please Signal Boost. J Clin Endocrinol Metab ; [ 5 ], and Deutsch et al. Geneva: Yogyakarta Principles; Breast cancer development in transsexual subjects receiving cross-sex hormone treatment. Recently, the intranasal formulation is also added to available options in South Korea. Avoiding supraphysiologic level of estradiol is crucial in feminizing hormone therapy, which can increase the risk of venous thromboembolism VTE. Prospective evaluation of hematocrit in gender-affirming hormone treatment: results from European Network for the Investigation of Gender Incongruence. ACOG committee opinion no. Migraine and estrogen. It is a less effective androgen blocker. It can be considered when a patient has contraindication or intolerance of spironolactone or cyproterone acetate. I mean, come on, he cannot not listen. An Y, Chung C. GnRH agonist can effectively reduce testosterone levels with a low risk of adverse outcomes [ 38 ].

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The use of ethinyl estradiol in transgender hormone treatment is not recommended [ 40 ]. Irwig MS. Regarding masculinizing therapy, injection and transdermal gel types of testosterone are used according to international guidelines. Korean healthcare providers' attitude, knowledge, and behaviors regarding sexual orientation and gender identity: a cross-sectional survey. Cross-sex hormones and acute cardiovascular events in transgender persons: a cohort study. Transgender men who experienced pregnancy after female-to-male gender transitioning. Table 3 Testosterone treatment does not appear to significantly increase the risk of breast cancer. Estradiol concentrations have more effects on the maintenance of BMD than testosterone levels [ 33 ]. The risk of VTE is variable according to the type, route transdermal vs. International guidelines do not recommend progestogen in feminizing hormone therapy given the lack of evident benefit with long-term use [ 4 , 7 ]. If testosterone level is lower than the lower limit of the cisgender male physiologic levels, the dose can be elevated carefully. Many MTF people wish to receive voice and communication training. This is compared to those in the study who were not able to use their chosen names. Dissatisfied breast change can be enhanced by breast augmentation surgery. Spironolactone may result in side effects, including hyperkalemia, frequency of urination, low blood pressure.