Scala version

Please consult the Scala 2, scala version. A class may now extend AnyVal to make it behave like a struct type restrictions apply. The implicit modifier now also applies to class definitions to reduce the boilerplate of implicit wrappers.

Designed to be concise, [9] many of Scala's design decisions are intended to address criticisms of Java. Scala can also be compiled to JavaScript to run in a browser, or directly to a native executable. On the JVM Scala provides language interoperability with Java so that libraries written in either language may be referenced directly in Scala or Java code. Since Scala 3, there is also an option to use the off-side rule indenting to structure blocks , and its use is advised. Martin Odersky has said that this turned out to be the most productive change introduced in Scala 3.

Scala version

For some errors and warnings, the compiler now suggests an edit that could fix the issue. Tooling such as IDEs can then offer the edits, or the compiler itself will make the change if run again with -quickfix. Library authors should be aware that the behavior of -doc-source-url has changed, as follows:. For the complete 2. As usual for our minor releases, Scala 2. Upgrading from 2. Enable -Xmigration while upgrading to request migration advice from the compiler. A big thank you to everyone who's helped improve Scala by reporting bugs, improving our documentation, spreading kindness in discussions around Scala, and submitting and reviewing pull requests! You are all magnificent. We especially acknowledge and thank A.

In Welch, P. Iterating over a map returns a set of key-value tuplesand pattern-matching allows the tuples to easily be destructured into separate variables for the key and value. Library authors should be aware that the behavior of -doc-source-url has changed, as follows:, scala version.

To install Scala, it is recommended to use cs setup , the Scala installer powered by Coursier. It installs everything necessary to use the latest Scala release from a command line:. Download and execute the Scala installer for Windows based on Coursier, and follow the on-screen instructions. JavaScript is disabled, click the tab relevant for your OS. Follow the documentation from Coursier on how to install and run cs setup. If that does not work, you may need to log out and log back in or reboot in order for the changes to take effect. If you are just beginning your journey with Scala, we recommend that you read our getting started guide, which expands upon these details, teaching you how to build your first Scala project:.

Scala lets you write less to do more. As a high-level language, its modern features increase productivity and lead to more readable code. With Scala, you can combine both functional and object-oriented programming styles to help structure programs. Scala is well suited to building fast, concurrent, and distributed systems with its JVM, JavaScript and Native runtimes. Scala prioritises interoperability, giving easy access to many ecosystems of industry-proven libraries. Scala's static types help you to build safe systems by default. Smart built-in checks and actionable error messages, combined with thread-safe data structures and collections, prevent many tricky bugs before the program first runs. High-throughput HTTP servers and clients. Safe, scalable, and principled concurrency. Reliable data validation with powerful transformations.

Scala version

The exciting new version of Scala 3 brings many improvements and new features. Here we provide you with a quick overview of the most important changes. If you want to dig deeper, there are a few references at your disposal:. Scala 3 is a complete overhaul of the Scala language. At its core, many aspects of the type-system have been changed to be more principled. While this also brings exciting new features along like union types , first and foremost, it means that the type-system gets even less in your way and for instance type-inference and overload resolution are much improved. One underlying core concept of Scala was and still is to some degree to provide users with a small set of powerful features that can be combined to great and sometimes even unforeseen expressivity. For example, the feature of implicits has been used to model contextual abstraction, to express type-level computation, model type-classes, perform implicit coercions, encode extension methods, and many more.

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Retrieved 30 April Regarding programming paradigms, Scala inherits the object-oriented model of Java and extends it in various ways. The new mixin model is explained in more detail in the Scala Language Specification. The super operator behaves specially in traits, allowing traits to be chained using composition in addition to inheritance. A class parameter may now be prefixed by val or var. Retrieved 8 March The Scala compiler generates byte code that is nearly identical to that generated by the Java compiler. Scala now allows the following shorthands:. Substantial differences between these languages exist in the type system, in the extent to which each language supports object-oriented and functional programming, and in the similarity of their syntax to that of Java. Scala version 2. In particular, one can now simulate package protected access as in Java writing. This means that the Java distinction between primitive types and boxed types e. As of [update] , JVM-based languages such as Clojure, Groovy, and Scala are highly ranked, but still significantly less popular than the original Java language, which is usually ranked in the top three places.

Designed to be concise, [9] many of Scala's design decisions are intended to address criticisms of Java. Scala can also be compiled to JavaScript to run in a browser, or directly to a native executable. On the JVM Scala provides language interoperability with Java so that libraries written in either language may be referenced directly in Scala or Java code.

S2CID The problem manifests as a compile-time type error. On the x architecture:. Depending on the collection in question, par may require copying the underlying dataset to create a parallel collection. Value classes [65] Implicit classes [66] String interpolation [67] Futures and promises [68] Dynamic and applyDynamic [69] Dependent method types: def identity x : AnyRef : x. The new version of Scala implements more flexible typing rules when it comes to pattern matching over heterogeneous class hierarchies. IOS Press. Retrieved 12 June Please help us fix it! Retrieved 30 April It is now explicitly ruled out that case classes can be abstract. The new recommended way to write a top-level application is like this:. Retrieved Analogously, a definition M which is labelled protected[this] is protected, and in addition can be accessed only from within the current object. Scala now distinguishes between type variables starting with a lower case letter and types as type arguments in patterns.