Proc natl acad sci u s a

A method has been devised for the electrophoretic transfer of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets. The method results in quantitative transfer of ribosomal proteins from gels containing urea. For sodium dodecyl sulfate gels, the original band pattern was obtained with no loss of resolution, but the transfer was not quantitative. The method allows detection of proteins by autoradiography and is simpler than conventional procedures.

Abstract : A key component of scientific communication is sufficient information for other researchers in the field to reproduce published findings. For computational and data-enabled research, this has often been interpreted to mean making available the raw data from which results were generated, the computer code that generated the findings, and any additional information needed such as workflows and input parameters. Many journals are revising author guidelines to include data and code availability. This work evaluates the effectiveness of journal policy that requires the data and code necessary for reproducibility be made available postpublication by the authors upon request. We assess the effectiveness of such a policy by i requesting data and code from authors and ii attempting replication of the published findings.

Proc natl acad sci u s a

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Signaling through the immune checkpoint programmed cell death protein-1 PD-1 enables tumor progression by dampening antitumor immune responses. Therapeutic blockade of the signaling axis between PD-1 and its ligand programmed cell death ligand-1 PD-L1 with monoclonal antibodies has shown remarkable clinical success in the treatment of cancer. To determine if PDPD-L1-directed immunotherapy could be improved with smaller, nonantibody therapeutics, we used directed evolution by yeast-surface display to engineer the PD-1 ectodomain as a high-affinity pM competitive antagonist of PD-L1. In contrast to anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies, high-affinity PD-1 demonstrated superior tumor penetration without inducing depletion of peripheral effector T cells. Consistent with these advantages, in syngeneic CT26 tumor models, high-affinity PD-1 was effective in treating both small 50 mm 3 and large tumors mm 3 , whereas the activity of anti-PD-L1 antibodies was completely abrogated against large tumors. Furthermore, we found that high-affinity PD-1 could be radiolabeled and applied as a PET imaging tracer to efficiently distinguish between PD-L1-positive and PD-L1-negative tumors in living mice, providing an alternative to invasive biopsy and histological analysis. These results thus highlight the favorable pharmacology of small, nonantibody therapeutics for enhanced cancer immunotherapy and immune diagnostics. Abstract Signaling through the immune checkpoint programmed cell death protein-1 PD-1 enables tumor progression by dampening antitumor immune responses. Publication types Research Support, N.

Proc natl acad sci u s a

As the area of small molecules interacting with RNA advances, general routes to provide bioactive compounds are needed as ligands can bind RNA avidly to sites that will not affect function. A non-oligonucleotide-containing compound was designed from sequence to target the precursor to oncogenic microRNA pre-miR for enzymatic destruction with selectivity that can exceed that for protein-targeted medicines. The compound specifically binds the target and contains a heterocycle that recruits and activates a ribonuclease to pre-miR to substoichiometrically effect its cleavage and subsequently impede metastasis of breast cancer to lung in a mouse model. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses demonstrate that the compound is potent and selective, specifically modulating oncogenic pathways. Thus, small molecules can be designed from sequence to have all of the functional repertoire of oligonucleotides, including inducing enzymatic degradation, and to selectively and potently modulate RNA function in vivo. Keywords: RNA; cancer; chemical biology; metastatic; nucleic acids. Abstract As the area of small molecules interacting with RNA advances, general routes to provide bioactive compounds are needed as ligands can bind RNA avidly to sites that will not affect function. Publication types Research Support, N.

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Biocompatible gold nanoparticles designed to absorb light at wavelengths of high tissue transparency have been of particular interest for biomedical applications. The ability of such nanoparticles to convert absorbed near-infrared light to heat and induce highly localized hyperthermia has been shown to be highly effective for photothermal cancer therapy, resulting in cell death and tumor remission in a multitude of preclinical animal models.

B2 — via Newspapers. Fatcat ID. The first managing editor of the journal was mathematician Edwin Bidwell Wilson. IV:5 — via Newspapers. Category : Publications. The 'pal reviews' as some refer to them were significantly curtailed in , in part due to the YDIH controversy. Poughkeepsie, New York. Gentle Science. Privacy policy. PNASNews fediscience. Millikan — Linus Pauling — Wendell M. Category : Journals. Los Angeles Times. Abstract A method has been devised for the electrophoretic transfer of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets. Special pages.