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The Kurdistan Workers' Party [a] or PKK is a Kurdish militant political organization and armed guerrilla movement which historically operated throughout Kurdistan but is now primarily based in the mountainous Kurdish-majority regions of southeastern Turkey and northern Iraq. Sincepkk def, the PKK has been involved in asymmetric warfare in the Kurdish—Turkish conflict with several ceasefires between and — Although pkk def PKK initially sought an independent Kurdish state, in the s its goals changed to seeking autonomy and increased political and cultural rights for Kurds within Turkey.

Federal government websites often end in. The site is secure. University of Rochester School of Medicine. Rochester, NY Wilmot Cancer Center. University of Rochester Medical Center. Box

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Bureau of Counterterrorism. FTO designations play a critical role in our fight against terrorism and are an effective means of curtailing support for terrorist activities and pressuring groups to get out of the terrorism business. The Bureau of Counterterrorism in the State Department CT continually monitors the activities of terrorist groups active around the world to identify potential targets for designation. When reviewing potential targets, CT looks not only at the actual terrorist attacks that a group has carried out, but also at whether the group has engaged in planning and preparations for possible future acts of terrorism or retains the capability and intent to carry out such acts. Upon the expiration of the seven-day waiting period and in the absence of Congressional action to block the designation, notice of the designation is published in the Federal Register, at which point the designation takes effect. By law an organization designated as an FTO may seek judicial review of the designation in the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit not later than 30 days after the designation is published in the Federal Register. IRTPA provides that an FTO may file a petition for revocation 2 years after its designation date or in the case of redesignated FTOs, its most recent redesignation date or 2 years after the determination date on its most recent petition for revocation. In order to provide a basis for revocation, the petitioning FTO must provide evidence that the circumstances forming the basis for the designation are sufficiently different as to warrant revocation. If no such review has been conducted during a 5 year period with respect to a designation, then the Secretary of State is required to review the designation to determine whether revocation would be appropriate. In addition, the Secretary of State may at any time revoke a designation upon a finding that the circumstances forming the basis for the designation have changed in such a manner as to warrant revocation, or that the national security of the United States warrants a revocation. The same procedural requirements apply to revocations made by the Secretary of State as apply to designations. A designation may be revoked by an Act of Congress, or set aside by a Court order.

International Strategic Research Organization.

PKK is a terrorist organization. The PKK is listed as a terrorist organization internationally by numerous countries, including the members of the European Union and others such as United States, Canada and Australia. European Union also designated PKK as a terrorist entity in Since its foundation in more than 40 thousand people lost their lives because of PKK terrorism. PKK's ideology is founded on revolutionary Marxism-Leninism and separatist ethno-nationalism. PKK also attacks on civilians and diplomatic and consular facilities. PKK is also involved in extortion, arms smuggling, and drug trafficking.

Almost 40 years after beginning its insurgency, the PKK is now embedded in a regional constellation of groups that seek international legitimacy and Kurdish autonomy. The PKK continues to pose a threat to Turkish security forces and civilians, but its main impact beyond the region in recent years has been to complicate the Turkey-U. Ankara sees the group as a major security threat, but the United States works with its Syrian offshoot—now embedded in a Kurdish-led coalition called the Syrian Democratic Forces SDF —despite having designated the PKK as a foreign terrorist organization. From through , the PKK waged a rural insurgency in Turkey. From to , the PKK and Turkish security agencies engaged in secret talks while fighting continued. From to , Turkey and the PKK engaged in a formal peace process. Since , the conflict has grown increasingly regionalized, with Turkey pursuing the PKK and its affiliates into Iraq and Syria. During the last 40 years, the conflict has been frequently interrupted by ceasefires, many of which were declared unilaterally by the PKK. First insurgency — : The PKK was founded in the late s by a group of Kurdish leftists in Turkey and officially began its violent campaign against the Turkish government in

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The group, which has Marxist-Leninist roots, was formed in the late s and launched an armed struggle against the Turkish government in , calling for an independent Kurdish state within Turkey. Fighting flared up again after a two-year-old ceasefire ended in July The PKK's struggle is also part of the turmoil in Iraq and Syria, where Turkey is trying to assert its influence on a battlefield with many rival forces. The struggle will continue until the Kurds' innate rights are accepted," he said. Turkey continues to accuse the PKK of "trying to create a separate state in Turkey". More than 40, people have died in the conflict.

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Middle Eastern Studies. Voice of America. The Jerusalem Post. London School of Economics. Portuguese to English. European Commission. Rochester, NY. The New York Times. Retrieved 15 May Our forces will use their right to retaliate in the event of an attack, operation or bombing against our withdrawing guerrilla forces and the withdrawal will immediately stop.

The Kurdistan Workers' Party [a] or PKK is a Kurdish militant political organization and armed guerrilla movement which historically operated throughout Kurdistan but is now primarily based in the mountainous Kurdish-majority regions of southeastern Turkey and northern Iraq. Since , the PKK has been involved in asymmetric warfare in the Kurdish—Turkish conflict with several ceasefires between and — Although the PKK initially sought an independent Kurdish state, in the s its goals changed to seeking autonomy and increased political and cultural rights for Kurds within Turkey.

Archived from the original on 3 January CRW Flags. BBC News. The representative FACS analysis is shown. Get the latest news and gain access to exclusive updates and offers Sign me up. Retrieved 16 December Child Soldiers International. The Kurdish question in Turkey : new perspectives on violence, representation, and reconciliation. Nonmelanoma skin cancer. The Delta Np63 alpha phosphoprotein binds the p21 and sigma promoters in vivo and has transcriptional repressor activity that is reduced by Hay-Wells syndrome-derived mutations. Retrieved 15 November Archived from the original on 11 November Retrieved 8 October German English to German. They share the same leadership cadres, organizational structure, strategies and tactics, military structure, propaganda tools, financial resources and training camps.