Marmota graciosa

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Marmota graciosa

The reproductive endocrinology and behavior of Vancouver Island marmot Marmota vancouverensis. The Vancouver Island marmot Marmota vancouverensis; VIM is one of North America's most endangered species with fewer than individuals remaining in the wild. A captive breeding program was established across four facilities in Canada as an insurance population and source of animals for reintroduction to the wild. The purpose of this study was to gather information about the basic reproductive biology and behavior of this species, which is essential to improve captive breeding programs. Enzyme immunoassays were validated for quantifying fecal testosterone metabolite concentrations for males, and fecal estrogen and progesterone metabolite concentrations for females. Results indicated that fecal progesterone metabolite concentrations can be used to monitor ovulation and pregnancy. Breeding behaviors correlated strongly with changes in reproductive endocrine profiles. A high frequency of play behavior or "wrestling" was observed in conjunction with breeding activity before an elevation in progesterone metabolite concentrations. Impending parturition was associated with increased aggression and exclusion of the male from the maternal nestbox as well as an increase in nesting activity. Observational data combined with hormonal analysis suggest that female VIMs are induced ovulators and that multiple breeding attempts may be required for ovulation and conception. Gestation appears to be approximately 34 days from peak breeding activity 32 days from estimated ovulation.

Seasonal changes in pancreatic B-cell function in euthermic yellow-bellied marmots. Decreasing litter size of marmots over time: a life history response to climate marmota graciosa

We can help you reset your password using the email address linked to your BioOne Complete account. Understanding predator guild resource use is vital for carnivore species preservation and ecosystem function in high-altitude landscapes. We describe the dietary composition, similarity, and niche overlap for seven carnivore species across three regions of the Qinghai—Tibetan Plateau Qilian Shan, East Burhanbuda Mountain, Yushu using DNA metabarcoding of scat samples. Analyses found 33 unique prey items representative of the classes Mammalia, Aves, and Actinopterygii. Blue sheep Pseudois nayaur and pika Ochotona sp. Eurasian lynx Lynx lynx , Tibetan fox Vulpes ferrilata , Pallas's cat Otocolobus manul , and snow leopard Panthera uncia had highly uneven diets.

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Marmota graciosa

Marmots are large ground squirrels in the genus Marmota , with 15 species living in Asia, Europe, and North America. These herbivores are active during the summer, when they can often be found in groups, but are not seen during the winter, when they hibernate underground. They are the heaviest members of the squirrel family. Marmots are large rodents with characteristically short but robust legs, enlarged claws which are well adapted to digging, stout bodies, and large heads and incisors to quickly process a variety of vegetation. While most species are various forms of earthen-hued brown, marmots vary in fur coloration based roughly on their surroundings. Species in more open habitat are more likely to have a paler color, while those sometimes found in well- forested regions tend to be darker. Other species prefer rough grassland and can be found widely across North America and the Eurasian Steppe. The slightly smaller and more social prairie dog is not classified in the genus Marmota , but in the related genus Cynomys. Marmots typically live in burrows often within rockpiles, particularly in the case of the yellow-bellied marmot , and hibernate there through the winter. Most marmots are highly social and use loud whistles to communicate with one another, especially when alarmed.

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References: Clague and Bobrowsky a Quaternary Research, 41, The relationship of body mass to metabolic rate varied widely; when the relationship was significant, R2 varied from Crazy adult guy in swimwear fly from climb. Decreasing litter size of marmots over time: a life history response to climate change? Most bird species are expected to respond negatively to urbanization because of increased patch isolation, increased predation pressure, and negative edge We investigated mechanisms of energy conservation during hibernation. Click and drag to re-position the image, if desired. Despite conservation and habitat management implications, the effects of land-use change on the trophic relationships between nocturnal arthropod predators and their prey have seldom been described. Business crisis, depression or burnout syndrome vector concept. Our results showed that these factors differently affect daily and monthly activity between seasons and their effect varies in each species. We studied hoary bat roost selection during autumn in a migratory stopover area in redwood habitat in northwestern California. Fossil moss gametophytes preserved in four carbonate concretions were studied in serial sections prepared using the cellulose acetate peel technique. Upton, Arlo; Fraser, James A. Cross country racer stretching on top of a hill and enjoying sunset sea view.

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A relatively small number of colony sites was ultimately responsible for the regional persistence. We evaluated these three hypotheses using mark-recapture data from an 8-year study of hoary marmot Marmota caligata population dynamics in the Yukon. We examined spatiotemporal dynamics of black-tailed prairie dog colonies in the Thunder Basin National Grassland, Wyoming over a period of 21 years. The southern limit of this translation coincides with areas of high heat flow that may reflect extension and the northern limit of episodic tremor and slip ETS on the Cascadia megathrust. Similar, less well-dated features have been reported from several other sites on the Fraser delta and may be products of the same earthquake. Average monthly metabolic rate was high early and late in the hibernation period when time spent euthermic was greater and when VO2 was higher. There was a clear increase in FFAs and decrease in mean TG and glycerol during the hibernation period when animals were fasting, suggesting increased lipolysis. Fecal testosterone concentrations suggest that testicular activity is seasonal with the reproductive activity occurring immediately posthibernation. By doing so, we evaluated the relative importance the acoustic environment plays on selecting for divergent marmot alarm calls. Fatty acid synthase, fatty-acid-CoA ligase, diacylglycerol acyltransferase, and monoacylglycerol acyltransferase activities were measured in liver and in white and brown adipose tissue, in order to determine whether enzymes of lipogenesis and triacylglycerol synthesis vary seasonally during hibernation in the yellow-bellied marmot Marmota flaviventris. Seismic wave triggering of nonvolcanic tremor, episodic tremor and slip, and earthquakes on Vancouver Island.