Cd11b

Federal government websites often end in. The site is secure, cd11b. Macrophages are important for the first line of defense against microbial pathogens.

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Cd11b

Blood ; 18 : — A consistently increased mRNA expression of the adhesion receptor CD11b is a hallmark of the reported genomewide gene expression changes in precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia PBC-ALL after 1 week of induction therapy. To investigate its clinical relevance, CD11b protein expression in leukemic blasts has been prospectively measured at diagnosis patients and during therapy 53 patients. CD11b positivity conferred a 5-fold increased risk of minimal residual disease MRD after induction therapy day 33 and of high-risk group assignment after consolidation therapy day In the multivariate analysis CD11b expression was an independent prognostic factor compared with other clinically relevant parameters at diagnosis. Microarray-based gene expression profiling is a powerful tool for basic research, target discovery, and identification of novel molecular biomarkers. In view of its crucial clinical significance, MRD assessment has become central to the clinical management of patients with ALL. ALL cells differ from normal lymphoid precursors by quantitative aberrations in their tissue-, differentiation-, and cytogenetic-associated antigenic expression profiles. We directly addressed this issue by comparing genome-wide gene expression analysis of leukemic blast cells at diagnosis and after 7 days of induction therapy with prednisolone. These changes collectively indicated an expression shift in day 8 d8 cells toward resting mature B cells. In addition to the well-known changes of B-cell differentiation markers, the list of the genes with altered expression in d8 blasts showed an up-regulation of the CD11b cell surface molecule, which has not been previously reported in context of B-lineage—specific development. Given their frequent involvement in cancer development and therapy resistance, integrins are considered as attractive candidates for targeted treatment approaches in oncology.

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Lupus nephritis LN is a common complication of systemic lupus erythematosus SLE with unclear etiology and limited treatment options. Immune cell infiltration into the kidneys, a hallmark of LN, triggers tissue damage and proteinuria. CD11b modulates several key biological functions in innate immune cells, including cell adhesion, migration, and phagocytosis. CD11b also modulates other signaling pathways in these cells, such as the Toll-like receptor signaling pathways, that mediate generation of type I interferons, a key proinflammatory cytokine and circulating biomarker in SLE and LN patients. However, how variants in ITGAM gene contribute to disease pathogenesis has not been completely established. Here, we provide an overview of CD11b modulated mechanisms and the functional consequences of the genetic variants that can drive disease pathogenesis. We also present recent insights from studies after pharmacological activation of CD11b.

Federal government websites often end in. The site is secure. The central role of T cells in the induction of immunological tolerance against i. Ags has been well documented. We found that mice injected i. In animal models, it has been shown that i. Autoreactive T cells directed against myelin Ags produce high levels of proinflammatory cytokines 2 , 3 , 5 , whereas resistance to, or recovery from the disease can be mediated through Th2 and regulatory T Treg cell responses 3 , 6 , 7. Induction of i. Dendritic cells DCs are professional APCs that play an important role in Th differentiation and thus are involved in the induction of both autoimmunity and tolerance 10 ,

Cd11b

Erbo Christensen, S. Pravsgaard Christensen, A. Based on their activation state T cells can be subdivided into naive, effector and memory subsets. Naive T cells are resting cells that have not yet encountered antigen, whereas effector T cells are recently activated cells able to perform specialized functions with high efficiency and without further differentiation. Immunological memory is the capacity of the immune system to respond faster and more efficiently against an antigen previously encountered by the host 1. The mechanisms underlying the accelerated secondary response appear to be both an increased number of antigen-specific T cells and a qualitative change in T cells that have already been primed by antigen contact 2 — 5. Although functional assays to detect the effects of antigenic priming are well established, it has been difficult to identify memory T cells in phenotypic terms. One reason for this has been an inability to distinguish between recently activated effector T cells and memory T cells, as many cell-surface markers are shared between these two functionally distinct subsets 6 — 9. It functions in cellular adhesion, phagocytosis and extravasation, and it may play a role in chemotaxis 9 , Mac-1 binds a diverse group of ligands, which include inactivated complement component C3b iC3b , fibrinogen, coagulant factor X and the intercellular adhesion molecule ICAM-1 16 —

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Introduction Macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, and other myeloid cells play important roles during acute and chronic inflammation. We found that induction of disease in an anti-GBM nephritis model led to an influx of neutrophils into the kidney and elevated proteinuria, which were both significantly reduced with LA1 treatment Immunity 40 , — These authors contributed equally: Michael C. People also looked at. Download PDF. References 1. Upon pathogen infection, the host immune system elicits an appropriate inflammatory response to eliminate the invading microbe, followed by active resolution of the inflammation to maintain tissue homeostasis 2. Anand, S. Co-stimulatory pathways in lymphocyte regulation: the immunoglobulin superfamily. Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description matches Wikidata Webarchive template wayback links.

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Hum Mol Genet 18 6 — Reprints and permissions. Tumour vessel normalization and immune checkpoint blockade: a new synergism. Schneemann, M. PLoS Genet. Gene-expression patterns in drug-resistant acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells and response to treatment. Moore, W. Gene expression shift towards normal B cells, decreased proliferative capacity and distinct surface receptors characterize leukemic blasts persisting during induction therapy in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Moreover, CD11b deficiency upregulated ILinduced expression of anti-inflammatory mediators such as IL and arginase-1, and an immunomodulatory function of macrophages to restrain T cell activation. In vitro adhesion assays with bone marrow derived macrophages from these mice showed that IG cells express constitutively active CD11b Supplementary Figure 3e. J Exp Med 7 —