Acinus pancreas

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Acini and Centro-acinar Cells. The exocrine pancreas is a compound gland consisting of secretory endpieces acini draining into a converging duct system [5,17,30]. The acini, which are composed of cells that synthesise digestive enzymes and store them as zymogen granules, are found at the terminations of the intercalated ducts, but also, in some species, at intermediate points along the ducts, so that an acinus may surround an intercalated duct part way along its course. In most species, the individual cells form truncated pyramids so that, when they are aggregated to form a secretory endpiece, the endpiece is shaped like a berry Latin: acinus rather than being tubular [64]. Each acinus envelops a layer of intercalated duct cells which, in consequence, are often called centro-acinar cells, although there is no evidence to suggest that they differ morphologically or functionally from cells elsewhere in the intercalated ducts.

Acinus pancreas

The pancreatic acinar cell is the functional unit of the exocrine pancreas. It synthesizes, stores, and secretes digestive enzymes. Under normal physiological conditions, digestive enzymes are activated only once they have reached the duodenum. Premature activation of these enzymes within pancreatic acinar cells leads to the onset of acute pancreatitis; it is the major clinical disorder associated with pancreatic acinar cells. Although there have been major advances in our understanding of the pathogenesis of this disease in recent years, available treatment options are still limited to traditional nonspecific and palliative interventions. Novel therapeutic strategies have been suggested based on ongoing research in the physiology and pathophysiology of the disease; these include the administration of systemic antibiotics, antioxidants, cytokine antagonists, and more recently, inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system. Notwithstanding this promising development, most of these potential therapies are still in an experimental stage or clinical trial. Further investigation is needed to prove the efficacy of these novel treatment modalities. Abstract The pancreatic acinar cell is the functional unit of the exocrine pancreas. Publication types Research Support, Non-U. Gov't Review.

The surface area of the apical membrane, which faces the lumen, is considerably smaller than the basal membrane.

A pancreatic acinus is a functional unit of the exocrine pancreas producing digest enzymes. Its pathobiology is crucial to pancreatic diseases including pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer, which can initiate from pancreatic acini. However, research on pancreatic acini has been significantly hampered due to the difficulty of culturing normal acinar cells in vitro. In this study, an in vitro model of the normal acinus, named pancreatic acinus-on-chip PAC , is developed using reprogrammed pancreatic cancer cells. In this model, human pancreatic cancer cells, Panc-1, reprogrammed to revert to the normal state upon induction of PTF1a gene expression, are cultured. Bioinformatic analyses suggest that, upon induced PTF1a expression, Panc-1 cells transition into a more normal and differentiated acinar phenotype.

Federal government websites often end in. The site is secure. Preview improvements coming to the PMC website in October Learn More or Try it out now. This review identifies and puts into context the recent articles which have advanced understanding of the functions of pancreatic acinar cells and the mechanisms by which these functions are regulated. Receptors present on acinar cells, particularly those for cholecystokinin and secretin, have been better characterized as to the molecular nature of the ligand-receptor interaction. Other reports have described the potential regulation of acinar cells by GLP-1 and cannabinoids.

Acinus pancreas

The pancreas is an abdominal organ located deep in the retroperitoneum. It is a gland with mixed function: both exocrine and endocrine. In this article, we will consider just the exocrine functions of the pancreas, the synthesis of pancreatic enzymes and the regulation of enzyme secretion.

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The pancreatic acinar cell is the functional unit of the exocrine pancreas. Fetching data from CrossRef. Biotinylated secondary antibody 1 : was added and incubated for 20 minutes at room temperature. Mawe GM Prevertebral, pancreatic and gall bladder ganglia: non-enteric ganglia that are involved in gastrointestinal function. Design of the pancreatic acinus-on-chip PAC model. About this chapter Cite this chapter Cook, D. Abstract The pancreatic acinar cell is the functional unit of the exocrine pancreas. Policies and ethics. Something went wrong. Copy Download. Hickson JCD The secretory and vascular response to nervous and hormonal stimulation in the pancreas of the pig.

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Moreover, no notable differences are observed in growth morphology see Fig. Korean J Gastroenterol. The viscous fingering creates duct lumen and acinus cavity consistently throughout the experiment Fig. Clin , , 69 , 7— Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout Purchases are for personal use only Learn about institutional subscriptions. Although acinus cells can be isolated from normal pancreatic acini and successfully grown in vitro culture, the usability of these cell preparations is significantly limited since the cells quickly lose their acinar characteristics and de-differentiate. The design and microfabrication of the PAC are illustrated in Fig. Pflugers Arch — The microanatomy and exocrine functions of the model are characterized to confirm the normal acinus phenotypes. Pahl C, Novak I Effect of vasoactive intestinal peptide, carbachol and other agonists on the membrane voltage of pancreatic duct cells. A heatmap of the genes from selected pathways of interest was generated using the R-package pheatmap using the normalized counts per million data. Hruban, eds. Cook View author publications.